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The tiny relative of the jellyfish is parasitic and dwells in salmon tissue. Researchers at Tel Aviv University (TAU) have discovered a non-oxygen breathing animal. The unexpected finding changes one of science’s assumptions about the animal world. A study on the finding was published on February 25 in PNAS by TAU researchers led by Prof. Dorothee Huchon of the School of Zoology at TAU's Faculty of Life Sciences and Steinhardt Museum of Natural History. The tiny, less than 10-celled parasite Henneguya salminicola lives in salmon muscle. As it evolved, the animal, which is a myxozoan relative of jellyfish and corals, gave up breathing and consuming oxygen to produce energy. "Aerobic respiration was thought to be ubiquitous in animals, but now we confirmed that this is not the case," Prof. Huchon explains. "Our discovery shows that evolution can go in strange directions. Aerobic respiration is a major source of energy, and yet we found an animal that...

Peninsular River System:- The Peninsular Rivers of India are older than the Himalayan Rivers. The main directions of the flow of rivers in peninsular India are as follows:-Towards the Bay of Bengal or East flowing rivers- Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Cauvery etc. Towards the Arabian Sea or West flowing rivers:- Narmada, Tapti, Sabarmati, Mahi and several small rivers originating and flowing from the Western Ghats. River flowing to the West:- Narmada- It is the largest river flowing in west direction. It originates from the Western Part of the Amarkantak Plateau and flows in the South Ridge valley between Satpura and Vindhya Ranges in the North. The Narmada forms a gorge and Dhunadhar waterfall near Jabalpur. Sardar Sarovar Project has been built in the Narmada. It meets the Arabian Sea south of Bharuch forming a 27 km long estuary. Tapi or Tapti- It originates from Multai in Betul of Madhya Pradesh and drains MP, Maharashtra, and Gujarat. The...

Happy Hunting Based on scientists’ calculations, the first molecule to ever form from stray atoms in the  universe  was likely helium hydride, a combination of helium and hydrogen. For decades, physicists have hunted the universe for the elusive molecule. And now an international team of researchers say they’ve  finally found it  — thereby confirming the presumed first step in the universe’s chemistry. Watch Here - No Doubt In a  study  published in the journal  Nature  Wednesday, the researchers describe how they used NASA’s Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA), the world’s largest airborne observatory, to detect helium hydride in a planetary nebula about 3,000 light-years away from Earth. “It was so exciting to be there, seeing helium hydride for the first time in the data,” researcher Rolf Guesten said in a  news release . “This brings a long search to a ha...

It Starts with a Simple Deck of Playing Cards They seem harmless enough, 52 thin slices of laminated cardboard with colorful designs printed on their sides. Yet, as another illustration of the mantra that complexity begins from the most simple systems, the number of variations that these 52 cards can produce is virtually endless. The richness of most playing card games owes itself to this fact. Permute this! The number of possible permutations of 52 cards is 52!. I think the exclamation mark was chosen as the symbol for the factorial operator to highlight the fact that this function produces surprisingly large numbers in a very short time. If you have an old school pocket calculator, the kind that maxes out at 99,999,999, an attempt to calculate the factorial of any number greater than 11 results only in the none too helpful value of "Error". So if 12! will break a typical calculator, how large is 52!? 52! is the number of different ways you can arrange a sin...

  Tetraphobia    is a   fear   of the number   4 . It is a   superstition   found most often in   East Asian  areas like   China ,   Japan ,   Korea , and   Taiwan . An elevator in Shanghai – floor numbers 4, 13 and 14 are missing The Chinese word for  four  (四, pinyin: sì, jyutping: sei), sounds very similar to the word for  death  (死, pinyin: sǐ, jyutping: sei). Chinese people take care not use the number 4 during important holidays, or if someone in the family is sick. Numbers such as 14, 24, and so on, are not used because they also have the number 4 in them. Buildings sometimes do not have floors with these numbers, apartments and hotels do not have rooms with number 4, 14, 24 and so on. Table number 4, 14, 24, may be often left out in wedding dinners or other social activities in ...

On the night of July 9, 1958, an earthquake along the Fairweather Fault in the Alaska Panhandle loosened about 40 million cubic yards (30.6 million cubic meters) of rock high above the northeastern shore of Lituya Bay. This mass of rock plunged from an altitude of approximately 3000 feet (914 meters) down into the waters of Gilbert Inlet (see map below). The impact generated a local tsunami that crashed against the southwest shoreline of Gilbert Inlet. The wave hit with such power that it swept completely over the spur of land that separates Gilbert Inlet from the main body of Lituya Bay. The wave then continued down the entire length of Lituya Bay, over La Chaussee Spit and into the Gulf of Alaska. The force of the wave removed all trees and vegetation from elevations as high as 1720 feet (524 meters) above sea level. Millions of trees were uprooted and swept away by the wave. This is the highest wave that has ever been known Detail Map: Lituya Bay, Alaska Lituya Bay is an ice-...

The fastest-spinning neutron star ever found has been discovered in a crowded star cluster near the centre of the Milky Way, a new study reveals. The star rotates 716 times per second – faster than some theories predict is possible – and therefore may force researchers to revise their models. Neutron stars form when a massive star explodes at the end of its life and leaves behind a super-dense, spinning ball of neutrons. These stellar corpses emit intense beams of radio waves from their poles and are called pulsars. Most pulsars rotate just a few times per second, but some spin hundreds of times faster. These so-called millisecond pulsars whip around so quickly because they are thought to have stripped mass – and angular momentum – from companion stars at some point in their histories. Astronomers led by Jason Hessels of McGill University in Montreal, Canada, used the 100-metre Green Bank Telescope in West Virginia, US, to clock the newly discovered pulsar at 716 rotations ...

Fade to black: a type 1a supernova remnant as seen by the Hubble Space Telescope and the Chandra X-ray Observatory.(P.C. NASA)  Primordial black holes do not account for all dark matter, according to new research by  Miguel Zumalacárregui  and  Uroš Seljak  at the University of California, Berkeley. The duo has made the best measurement yet of the abundance of black holes in the cosmos by measuring the gravitational lensing of light from type 1a supernovae. Their study puts an upper limit of 40% on how much dark matter can be accounted for by primordial black holes For decades, physicists have grappled with growing evidence that the formation and dynamics of galaxies and larger structures in the universe are governed by gravitational forces from unseen dark matter. While the mysterious substance appears to account for about 85% of all matter in the universe, dark-matter particles have yet to detected directly. While most astrophysicists believe that dark m...

Spinning around: the green arrows represent rotation speed in the stellar convection zone. Differential rotation is inferred from the oscillatory motions of the star seen as orange/blue shades on the right side of the figure. (Courtesy: MPI for Solar System Research/MarkGarlick.com) An international team of astronomers has observed latitude-varying rotation in the outer layers of 13 Sun-like stars and shown in great detail that the Sun is not alone in displaying this curious behaviour.  Othman Benomar  at New York University, Abu Dhabi and his colleagues made the discovery by measuring distinctive patterns of acoustic oscillations in the stars. Their discovery could help to advance our understanding of the elusive mechanisms which play out deep within the Sun and other stars. By observing the movements of sunspots across the Sun’s surface, astronomers have known for some time that our host star’s equator rotates 30% faster than its poles – a phenomenon known as “differenti...

Launch Voyager 2 launched on August 20, 1977, from Cape Canaveral, Florida aboard a Titan-Centaur rocket. On September 5, Voyager 1 launched, also from Cape Canaveral aboard a Titan-Centaur rocket. Planetary Tour Between them, Voyager 1 and 2 explored all the giant planets of our outer solar system, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune; 48 of their moons; and the unique system of rings and magnetic fields those planets possess. Closest approach to Jupiter occurred on March 5, 1979 for Voyager 1; July 9, 1979 for Voyager 2. Closest approach to Saturn occurred on November 12, 1980 for Voyager 1; August 25, 1981 for Voyager 2. Closest approach to Uranus occurred on January 24, 1986 by Voyager 2. Closest approach to Neptune occurred on August 25, 1989 by Voyager 2. Most Distant Spacecraft T he Voyager spacecraft are the third and fourth human spacecraft to fly beyond all the planets in our solar system. Pioneers 10 and 11 preceded Voyager in outstripping the grav...